中国石油大学（北京）网络与继续教育学院

毕业设计（论文）

诗歌翻译刍议

——认知语境与翻译策略

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 2XXX年X月X日

A Tentative Study on Poetry Translation: Cognitive Context and Translation Strategy

by

Xx Xxx

Under the Supervision of

Xx Xxx

Submitted

to

 School of Foreign Studies

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for

the Bachelor's Degree of Arts in English

China University of Petroleum

Beijing

June 15th, 2009

Acknowledgements

First and foremost, I would like to express…

诗歌翻译刍议

——认知语境与翻译策略

摘 要

在这篇论文中，我们介绍了D.Sperber 和D.Wilson的关联理论及由之衍生出来的关联翻译理论，着重阐明了译文读者的认知语境及最佳关联问题。强语境文化与弱语境文化间的文化缺省导致了译文读者与原文作者间的语境差异，并由此致使作者意图不能有效传递，即未达到最佳关联。为了解决诗歌翻译中的此类问题，在尽量不损害原诗语境效果的前提下，我们认为译者应试图采用加注、意译等策略，以期弥补文化图式的缺省，达到译文读者与译文间的最佳关联，即译文读者与原语意图间的最佳关联。

关键词：语境；文化缺省；最佳关联；诗歌翻译

A Tentative Study on Poetry Translation: Cognitive Context and Translation Strategy

Abstract

We introduced the relevance theory proposed by D. Sperber and D. Wilson and the relevance translation theory deriving from it in this paper, and we focus on the cognitive context of version reader and optimal relevance. The cultural default between high context culture and low context culture causes the differences between version reader and original writer, and then impedes the translation of writer’s intention…

Key Words: context; cultural default; optimal relevance;

poetry translation

Table of Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………….1

Chapter One The First Step of the Journey: A Panoramic Survey of Relevance Theory.…..………………………………..3

1.1 Brief Introduction…………………..………………………3

1.2 Relevance………………………..……………………...…..4

1.3 Principles in Relevance Theory…….….……………...…....5

Chapter Two Context…………………………….……………..……6

2.1 Contextual Effects…...…...…………………………………6

2.1.1 Essence and application of Mutual Knowledge and Mutual Manifestness………………………………..6

2.1.2……………….………………………………………6

2.2 Cultural Model……...……………………………….…….…7

2.2.1…………………………………………...…………..7

2.2.2…………………………………………………….….8

Conclusion………………..………………………………………...32

Bibliography………..………………………………………………34

Appendices…（可缺）………………………………………………38

A Tentative Study of Poetry Translation: Cognitive Context and Translation Strategy

Introduction

The relevance theory proposed by D.Sperber and D.Wilson in their book Relevance: Communication and Cognition contributed greatly to the cognitive pragmatic study. It is not a translation theory but it can effectively explain and direct translation activity. Wilson’s student E.A.Gutt published his Dr. Paper Translation and Relevance: Cognition and Context in 1991, in which he proposed the relevance translation theory, which has become the most important new theory in translation practice.

…

Chapter One The First Step of the Journey: A Panoramic Survey of Relevance Theory

1.1 Brief Introduction

In 1986, D. Sperber and D. Wilson developed a cognitive approach to the interpretation of human communication. In their book Relevance: Communication and Cognition, they studied three aspects of the traditional objects in pragmatic research: (a) how the process of human interpretation is achieved. (b) the importance of context in comprehension. And (c) the rejection of the notion of mutual knowledge and the proposal of an alterative concept of mutually manifest assumptions (Sperber and Wilson 89).

1.2 Relevance                            

In this section, we will introduce the basic cognitive notions of relevance and the Cognitive Principle of Relevance.

1.3 Principles in Relevance Theory

1.3.1 Cognitive Principle 

Chapter Two Context

2.1 Context

Different from the commonly accepted assumption that the context for the comprehension of an utterance is given before hand, Sperber and Wilson (92) propose a much more dynamic view of context. A context is a construct that has to be established and developed in the course of interaction in order to select the correct interpretation. The determination of context is seen as a matter of choice and as part of the interpretation process itself. A context is a psychological construct, a subset of the hearer’s assumptions about the world.

2.2 Contextual Effects

Contextual effects, in essence, are…

2.2.1 Essence and application of Mutual Knowledge and Mutual Manifestness

Conclusion

The purpose of this thesis has been to examine some of the basic assumptions and to apply the theory to an interpretation of poetry. The essential purpose of this thesis is an attempt to find the optimal relevance in poetry. In poetry, the intention to produce specific contextual effects in version reader’s cognitive environment turns out to be a significant factor in the creation of the whole poem. Thus a writer lacking an accurate estimate of the contextual environment of a typical member of the target readers will have problems in attaining effective communication of desired message.

Relevance theory is such a type of economics of communication theory and defines a possible point of equilibrium between efforts and effect. Optimal relevance is said to be achieved at the point where maximum yield of information is attained with minimum effort. A type of dynamic equilibrium can be attained at the point of optimal relevance in poetic language, where maximum yield of contextual implication is achieved with an acceptable amount of effort…

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注意：（参阅GB 3469-83 《文献类型与文献载体代码》著录文献类型标识。）

① 文献类型标识：M—专著，C—论文集，J—期刊，D—学位论文，R—报告，S—标准，P—专利，汇编—G， 档案—B， 古籍—O， 参考工具—K。② 电子文献类型标识：BD—数据库，CP—计算机程序，EB—公告。③ 载体类型标识：MT—磁带，DK—磁盘，CD—光盘，OL—联机网络。④ 缩微制品、录音制品、录像制品的文献类型标识分别为“ M ”、“ A ”、“ V ”。印刷型文献不著录此项。⑤ 其它未说明文献[Z]（包含“编”的各种教材、教程、词典等）

Appendices

Appendix A

1. Level of Analysis

Figuire A1: Space-station Liguistics

Figuire A2: Relationship Between Linguistics and Semiotics

2. Dialect

Figuire A3: Wave Theory

Appendix B

Figure B1: Syntagmatic & Paradigmatic Relations